Literature Review Cell Phone And The Invention Of...

Eddie ID #: 988192 3/19/2017 GE 2021 W05 Professor: Dr. Leah Li V. Echiverri Literature Review Since the 20th century, the development of technologies is unprecedented, and the invention of cellular phone must be the most important. Literally speaking, cellular phone totally changed the way we communicate and live nowadays. However, the biggest promotion between phone and smart phone must be application. With the various kinds of application’s launch, cell phone is no longer just as the communicate tools for people, it plays so many roles in our daily life, and because of teenagers’ curiosity, like us undergraduate, even make up an unparalleled big market of smartphone user.; in other words, today phone can be†¦show more content†¦In 2011, it reported that a group of undergraduate students in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) use cell phones to support their informal learning. During the exploration, it found that these applications are very useful for their study though the limited quantity of academic application. From the research, it can be easily notic ed that most participants engaged in a wide range of informal activities such as exchanging data between devices, posting and answering questions to a web forum and posting wiki entries. Additionally, several subordinate points inform that how mobile application could support their learning in museum settings (e.g. Sharples et al. 2007; Pierroux 2008). Lots of these results allow cell phone to enable the transaction of data. And finally promote students to continue their informal learning. Although sometimes we need to study or work on our phone, it stills not the basic need for us to handle it. There are just less than 8% of smartphone user will spend their time mostly on official application according to the Rosen (2013)’s research. Anyhow, we prefer to pastime to work, so in our spare time, we would like to use other two categories of application. 2. Living tools Varied and colorful application makes our life more convenient, and daily life is always the most complicated we have to faceShow MoreRelatedMobile Phone1189 Words   |  5 PagesStudy of Mobile Phone Usage Among the Teenagers And Youth In Philippines An undergraduate Thesis Presented to The Faculty of College of Management and Business Technology In partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Subject Research I By: CHAPTER 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND 1.1 Introduction Mobile phones have become very popular in recent years and their development has been amazing. It is no wonder why they have become irreplaceable. With all applications whichRead MoreUse of Cell Phone in Modern Courtship Among Nursing Students of Isabela State University-Echague5484 Words   |  22 PagesUSE OF CELL PHONE IN MODERN COURTSHIP AMONG NURSING STUDENTS OF ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY-ECHAGUE A Thesis Presented to The faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY Echague, Isabela In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree BACHELOR OF ARTS IN MASS COMMUNICATION By: MELODY Q. PINEDA March 2008 APPROVAL SHEET The thesis attached hereto entitled USE OF CELL PHONE IN MODERN COURTSHIP AMONG NURSING STUDENTSRead MoreImpact of Cell Phone Uasage on Students Acedemic Performance, Social Relationship Ans Safety2584 Words   |  11 Pagescommercialization of cellular phones technology, the use of this communication device has rapidly increased. This technology was first introduced by Motorola in the early 1980’s (Harman, Brittney A., 2011). 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This cell phone was originally createdRead MoreBlackberry Innovation: Diffusion Research Project4502 Words   |  19 PagesInnovation-Diffusion Research Project: Table of Contents Section 1.0 Executive Summary 3 Section 2.0 Background 3 Section 3.0 Literature Review 3 3.1 Theorists Beliefs 3 3.2 Who are the Innovators? 4 3.3 Length of Process of Diffusion / Similar Products 5 Section 4.0 Literature Specific 5 Section 5.0 Consumer Interviews 7 Section 6.0 Conclusions 9 Section 7.0 Works Cited 10 Section 8.0 Appendix A 11 Section 1.0 Executive Summary Section 2.0 Background The BlackBerryRead MoreEssay Information Technology in Society1912 Words   |  8 Pagescommunications’ declining cost consequently of both technological enhancements and developed competition. Such great progresses in development present several major and great opportunities but also pose a lot of challenges. 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How did this change come about? Well, this is one of the main questions I am trying to answer in this paper. It focuses on the non-technical aspects of the innovation that Samsung has created and implemented in its firm in the last decade. Since Samsung is such a huge multidivisional corporation, I decided to focus on the consumer’s electronics division and s pecifically the consumer mobile phones. This division is renowned for its innovativeRead More1 What Factors Contributed to the Success of Apple s iPhone7045 Words   |  29 Pageslaunched in the US in June 2007. Consumers lined up for days for the chance to purchase one, and over 500,000 units sold on the first weekend. Since that time, over 42 million iPhones have been sold, arguably making it one of the most successful mobile phone products ever launched. What is it that makes the iPhone such a success? In this paper we define a set of success criteria to investigate the success of the iPhone and propose a comprehensive success model. The success model can be used by both academicsRead MoreWhat factors contributed to the success of Apple‚Äà ´s iPhone?7160 Words   |  29 Pageslaunched in the US in June 2007. Consumers lined up for days for the chance to purchase one, and over 500,000 units sold on the first weekend. Since that time, over 42 million iPhones have been sold, arguably making it one of the most successful mobile phone products ever launched. What is it that makes the iPhone such a success? In this paper we define a set of success criteria to investigate the success of the iPhone and propose a comprehensive success model. The success model can be used by both academicsRead MoreEffect of Social Media2847 Words   |  12 PagesSOCIAL MEDIA ON COLLEGE STUDENTS Introduction The definition of social media is â€Å"the relationships that exist between network of people† (Walter Riviera, 2004). In the last ten years, the online world has changed dramatically. Thanks to the invention of social media, young men and women now exchange ideas, feelings, personal information, pictures and videos at a truly astonishing rate. Seventy-three percent of wired American teens now use social media websites (Oberst, 2010). Schill (2011) states

Overview Of Fraser And Neave Holdings And Nestle Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1517 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? The chairman and CEO of FN are two different people. Y.A.M Teng Ku Syarif Bendahara Perlis Syed Badarudin Jamalullail is the FNs chairman, while the CEO of the company is Mr Tan Ang Meng. Independent non-executive directors of FN make up of at least one-third of the board membership. There are 4 independent non-executive directors of 11 board members. All directors are non-executive directors except the CEO. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Overview Of Fraser And Neave Holdings And Nestle Finance Essay" essay for you Create order The non-executive directors of FN are capable, skill and experience. They full of experience and have varied skills that relevant to the company business operations. They manage the business affairs of the company and approve strategic plans, key business initiatives as well as major investment and funding decisions. They also assign the conduct of daily operating affairs to the CEO. The board also had identified a senior independent non-executive director in the annual report. Leslie Oswin Struys is the senior independent non-executive director of FN and it had been stated in the annual report. He was appointed to act as an additional communication channel for corporate governance affairs in the company. Size of the boards was examined by the company to determine the impact of the number upon its effectiveness. The board has 11 directors including non-executive and executive directors. Of the eleven directors, six are nominees of the two largest shareholders and four are independent as well as one non-executive director, CEO. The Board is broadly balanced that reflect the interests of significant shareholders, management and minority shareholders in the company. The Board held 8 board meetings in the year 2009, the details of directors attendance was recorded. Most of the board of directors attended 8/8 of board meetings where five meetings were held at its registered office and the other three meetings were held off-site in Kuala Lumpur. The Nominating Committee composed of four non-executive directors, three of whom are independent with the responsibility in assessing recommendations for Board appointments and Board Committees. All Nominating Committee members attended the sole meeting scheduled during the year. Proposed changes in the composition of the main Board, committees and subsidiary boards were reviewed at this meeting prior to the submission of recommendations to the Board. The directors also reviewed and kept abreast of developments in the area of board performance assessment. A formal evaluation process has been put in place to assess the effectiveness of the Board as a whole. The Remuneration Committee of FN was formed in May 2001, which consists of four non-executive of board members that. The Committee is responsible for reviewing succession planning, remuneration policies and practices of the company. They also supervise the allocation of share options to employees under the Companys ESOS scheme. Two Remuneration Committee meetings were held during the year. Procedures relating to the re-election of directors are accorded in the Companys Articles of Association. New directors are subject to election at the Annual General Meeting as following the first appointment which is Huang Hong Peng was appointed on 1 March 2009. In addition, one-third of the directors are required by rotation to submit themselves for re-election by shareholders at every AGM of the Company. During the year 2009, the directors of the Company attended various external and internal training programs and seminars such as Directors Continuing Education Program, Mandatory Accreditation Program, The Global Economy in the Aftermath of the Financial Crisis, and Risk Management Program. From time to time, the directors attend training to keep abreast with current developments as well as the new statutory and regulatory requirements. The Audit Committee of FN comprise five directors, the majority of whom are independent, including the Chairman and at least one member shall be an accountant. The Audit Committees chairman was Tan Sri Dato Dr Lin See Yan. He was supported by a majority of independent Board members. Mr Anthony Cheong Fook Seng is a member with an accounting qualification. A total of four meetings were held and all the Audit Committee members attended all the meetings during the year. Nestl (Malaysia) Berhad The chairman and CEO of Nestle is two different person. Tan Sri Dato Seri Syed Zainol Anwar Jamalullail is the Chairman whereas Peter Robert Vogt is the Managing Director. The board composed of more than one-third of independent non-executive directors. The Board has eight members while four members are independent non-executive directors. The non-executive directors of Nestl are capable, skill and experience The non-executive directors have diverse experience including professional backgrounds, representing a high level of business, international and financial knowledge, which is core to the setting of strategies, monitoring of strategy achievement, ultimately leading. Nestl does not have a senior independent non-executive director but consist a chairman of board of directors which is Tan Sri Dato Seri Syed Zainol Anwar Jamalullail. The size of the Board of Directors was reviewed by Nestle to determine the impact of the number on its effectiveness. The Board of Directors is very well balanced between the number of executive and non-executive directors and between independent and non-independent directors. The Independent Non-Executive Directors are able to provide the independent unbiased views and advice in its decision making, to ensure that the best interest of the Company, shareholders and employees, whereas the Executive Directors are responsible to ensure the implementation of the strategies and policies as resolved by the Board of Directors. Four meetings of directors were held by the Board in the financial year. The record of attendance is all the directors have full or 100% attendance except Tan Sri Dato Ernst Zulliger and Mohd. Rafi k Bin Shah Mohamad only attended three of four general meetings. The Board does not consider the necessary to setting up a separate Nomination Committee as the turnover of directors is very low with only eight persons and that all proposals for appointment and resignation of directors are fully deliberated by the Board of Directors. Two nominations of new directors were fully deliberated by the Board of Directors in 2009. The nomination of Datuk Rafi ah Binti Salim as an Independent Non-Executive Director and Peter Robert Vogt was appointed as a Non-Independent Executive Director. Non-establishment of the Remuneration Committee due to the managing director, and the finance control executive, Marc Philippe Seiler and the non Independent non-executive Director, Dato Frits Wout Marie van Dijk are proposed and employed directly by Nestl S.A. Each of these directors are employees which based on contracts of expatriation employment and their remuneration package consisting of emoluments and benefits are in accordance with the remuneration practices of the worldwide Nestl group of companies as established by the Human Resource function of Nestl S.A. in Vevey, Switzerland. The fees and benefits paid to the Independent Non-Executive Directors including the Independent Non-Executive Chairman are proposed by the Company to the Board of Directors and during the deliberation on the amount of fees and benefits to be paid to the Non-Executive Directors, the Non-Executive Directors would abstain from discussing their own remuneration. The re-election and re-appointed of directors are contained in Articles 90.1 and 90.2 of the Companys Articles of Association, one-third of the directors for time being shall retire from office and be eligible for re-election, provided always that all directors shall retire from office once at least in each three years but shall be eligible for re-election, to allow the shareholders the opportunity to renew their mandate at the Annual General Meeting. As the continuous training for directors, the management updated them on a timely basis with reading material based on latest development on directors roles and responsibilities. The managing director had attended training on Crisis Management as well as attended and was a speaker of Corporate Responsibility Forum and etc. and the finance control executive attended the Mandatory Accreditation Programme, was a speaker on the topic of Improving Business Performance Through Management Accounting and conducted training on Dynamic Forecasting and Consensus Planning. The other directors have attended trainings or conducted trainings in areas relevant to their capacity as directors from time to time. The Audit Committee consists of five members who are all Independent, Non-Executive Directors. The post and current Chairman of the Audit Committee are both qualified chartered accountants, being members of the Malaysian Institute of Accountants. During the financial year, the Audit Committee held five meetings. A quorum established by the presence of the Chairman and at least two members in the Audit Committee meetings. The Audit Committee responsible to plan and conduct internal audits and to ensure that the Companys financial statements are prepared in accordance with applicable generally accepted accounting principles. In conclusion, both of the companies were pursuing the best practice of corporate governance by complying with the Malaysian Code on Corporate Governance [Revised 2007] in order to protect the companies reputation, shareholders and stakeholders. Question Is the chairman and the CEO is two different person? Is the independent non executive directors make up of one third of the board? Is the non-executive and executive directors are capable, skill and experienced? Have the general meeting be held in the year?

Upper Lobectomy Free Essays

Upper Lobectomy Krysten Miller Pennsylvania College of Technology ? Introduction An Upper Lobectomy is the removal of the superior lobe from a lung. This occurs when a neoplasm is confined to a specific area and hilar nodes are not involved. This procedure may be done to remove the spread of cancer, abnormal abscess, or infection within the lungs. We will write a custom essay sample on Upper Lobectomy or any similar topic only for you Order Now The lungs are located below the clavicle and above the diaphragm. They consist of five lobes, both sets being separated by fissure. The right side has three lobes known as superior, middle, and inferior. While the left has superior and inferior. The left side only has two lobes because the anatomical position of the heart needs room to rest. Connected to the lungs are ancillary structures, such as, bronchus, pulmonary artery and vein, and lymphatic vessels. These structures enter at the hilum where the lungs are slightly concave. The surgical goal is to remove the neoplasm without harming other structures. Signs/Symptoms/Risks Generally, signs and symptoms may vary depending on the diagnosis. For example, signs and symptoms of TB are pain in chest, fatigue, fever/chills, or mucus and blood in saliva. Whereas signs and symptoms of cancer consist of a reoccurring respiratory infection, chest pain, weakness in the upper body, and trouble swallowing, change in bowel movement (American Cancer Society, 2018). In most cases signs and symptoms are very common and testing will need done for diagnosis. If these signs and symptoms are noticed a doctor should be consulted and a check-up be made. Diagnosis/Alternatives In addition, a neoplasm may be diagnosed through a Computerized Tomography (CT) or a Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI). During a CT scan small lesions may be identified, whereas, MRI may reveal a mass or nodule. If a spot occurs, a tissue biopsy may be done to identify what the mass or lesion may be. Another diagnosis is sputum cytology. During this assessment the sputum is looked under a microscope for cancer cells to be identified (Mayo Clinic, 2018). Once diagnosed alternative therapy may be assessed if surgery is too much to handle. These sources include radiation, chemotherapy, radiosurgery, and drug therapy. Overall, these alternatives use multiple drugs and or high—power of radiation to kill and reduce the neoplasm within the lungs. Alternative medication to help those with signs and symptoms involve acupuncture, hypnosis, massage, meditation, and yoga. These forms of medicine help relax the tissue and relieve pain within the area. When alternatives are not an option, and the aggression is too far surgery is the option. Surgery Set Up To begin, the set up contains a back table and mayo stand. The back table will consist of three sections: drapes, instruments, and sharps. Drapes will be towels and an adhesive back drape. Electrocautery and suction, as well as, other items that need access to the patient may be placed here as well. Instruments are then placed on the field. Two main trays will be placed along with a variety of other tools. A thoracotomy set will include useful instruments that aid in removal of a rib and exposure to repair the underneath organs. A general vascular set will also be available. This set includes additional cardiovascular instruments that may be useful if needed. In addition, various sizes of hemoclips are separate and kept for hold. Once instruments are placed, sharps and basins are then placed. In the top corner an emission basin and bowl are placed for fluids. Sponges in the form of kitners, laps, and 4Ãâ€"4 are placed on the field. A suture counter is then placed in the corner. This is filled with silk suture ties, polypropylene suture, and pledgets. A number 10, 11, and 15 knife blades are then loaded on a handle. Once the back table is complete with all needed instruments the mayo may be addressed. The common instruments include knife, tissue forceps, and metz and scissors to dissect to operative area. Hemostats, Kocher’s and Allis’s may be place to grab tissue and retract along with hemostasis. Multiple retractors and elevators may be used either sorted on the mayo or back table. Once the sterile field is prepped, the patient is retrieved and prepped. Patient Preparation Following set-up, the patient is brought into the room. They are transferred to the OR bed and position aids are placed. Antiembolitic hoses are placed on the legs to help with blood flow. Aesthesia may apply Swan-Ganz and CVP lines which allow direct contact to the heart (Goldman, 2008). Once general anesthesia is applied with endotracheal intubation, the patient is placed in lateral position with the surgical site up. During this time a catheter may be placed, as these procedures may be length if problems occur. Padded kidney rests or pillows are placed around the torso to stabilize. The unaffected arm is placed on an arm board while the other is rested above on a padded mayo. The lower leg is slightly bent with a pillow placed on top and the top leg laid flat, this is done to keep the patient from rotating. Pads are placed around the ankles and other bony areas for cushion. During this time, it is needed to be confirmed that blood has been ordered and available for this case. Prep/Draping Once the patient is positioned, prepping and draping of the surgical area may begin. When prepping cleansing for a posterolateral incision is made. Starting at the mid-thorax region, extending from the shoulder, to the iliac crest and down bilaterally. Within the prep the axilla region should be included as well. After the prep is dried, drapes may be placed. Folded towels are placed in a square around the incision site. Towel clips are placed at each inside corner to hold the towels together. An adhesive drape is then placed and unfolded across the patient to create the complete sterile field. Two suction tubes should be thrown up at this time along with any other cords that need to be thrown off. Surgery Following draping, a time out may occur and surgery begins. A posterolateral incision is made into the fourth intercostal space of the ribs with a #10 blade. Rib spreaders are placed to open the ribs and the pleura is cut. The anterosuperior portion of the hilar pleura is then incised and then separated making room to open the thorax. Once opened, the likelihood of the rib instruments being reused are slim and may be removed from the surgical field and onto back table (Frey Ross, 2014). The upper and lower lobe fissure is opened, and dissection down to the pulmonary artery begins. During this time the surgical technologist should keep count of how much irrigation is used for the account of potential blood replacement. If sponges are to be weighed they must be fully saturated before throwing off. The second count may begin at this time. The pulmonary artery and vein branches are identified. Once identified they are separated. The surgical technologist should move quickly to access suture and assess double ligation of artery and vein. They are then divided. Blunt dissection is then used to free the upper lobe bronchus. It is either clamped with a bronchus clamp or a stapler. Sutures and stapler should be prepared prior to the step, bronchus is divided quickly. The clamp or stapler should be placed 2 cm form the main bronchial trunk (Frey Ross, 2014). Entry to the bronchial tree changes wound class and results in contaminated instruments. At that time contaminated items shall be separated. The bronchus is then closed with a nonabsorbable suture or staples. Closely watching the surgeon and his assistance allows for anticipation at this time. A pleural flap is secured with sutures over the bronchial stump and the remaining lobes are checked for leakage of air. Leakages are checked by filling the thorax with body-temperature irrigation. The wound is irrigated and chest tubes of sort are placed in the thorax. The lines form the tubes must be hooked with a closed drainage unit and immediately turned on to prevent clotting. Final counts are made while tubes are placed. An injection of 0.25% Marcaine is made for postoperative pain control prior to closure. The fascia is closed with a 2-0 Vicryl and the skin is closed with staples. Dressing is a nonadherent contact layer, may vary depending on the doctor preference. The surgical technologist should not break scrub until the patient has left the operating room. Outcome Following surgery, the patient is then transported to the CCU. The endotracheal tube is still attached at this time to check for postop ventilation and proper breathing. The patient will stay in the hospital 7 to 10 days. If no complications they may leave and have a full recovery. Additional treatments may be essential such as chemotherapy and radiation. These treatments can help determine when normal activity can return. If complications occur hospitalization is longer. This may be a surgical site infection, hemorrhage, atelectasis, pneumothorax, embolus, edema, etc. During this time the patient will be monitored and possible emergency surgery may be done. If no complications occur during surgery this is a Class 1: clean procedure. Conclusion To conclude, an upper lobectomy is the surgical removal of a lobe caused by an abnormal growth or infection. It can be diagnosed through imaging or a tissue biopsy. Alternatives before surgery are a variety of drug therapy and active medicines. Once these are out of the question surgery is an option. The patient is then prepped and assessed for surgery. The lobe is removed and the patient is sent to recovery. They will then be hospitalized for 7 to 10 days and sent home if no other complications occur. ? ReferencesFrey, K. B., Ross, T. (2014). Surgical technology for the surgical technologist: a positive care approach. Clifton Park, NY: Delmar Cengage Learning.Goldman, M. A. (2008). Pocket guide to the operating room. Philadelphia: F.A. Davis Co.Lung WebMD. (2018). Cancer Symptoms: What You Should Know. Retrieved April 22, 2018, from https://www.webmd.com/lung-cancer/understanding-lung-cancer-symptomsAmerican Cancer Society. (2018). Managing Cancer-related Side Effects. Retrieved April 25, 2018, from https://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatments-and-side-effects/physical-side- effects.html How to cite Upper Lobectomy, Papers

Childhood Obesity Nutrition Policies

Question: Discuss about the Childhood Obesity for Nutrition Policies. Answer: Introduction: The childhood obesity is an increasing epidemic and is giving rise to many chronic diseases in children in Australia. For this, Australian government is forming strong policies that include dietary changes; health education, school nutrition policies, physical education and a framework addressing the ethical issues are the unpinning factors for consideration. There are key policies that help in child health education and in dealing with childhood obesity. According to Childhood obesity Legislation 2013 school nutrition policies are implementing healthy policies like availability of nutritious foods throughout the school (Bradshaw 2016). The screening of diabetes is also an important policy in which children are informed about diabetes and related risk. According to the existing laws for diabetes care, medications are given to the diabetic children. The state legislation are also providing insurances for the coverage and strengthening of diabetes insurance for children. The implementation of physical education policy approaches to include physical education in school setting and they evaluate over the policy. The resolutions are also being taken by the state legislatives to create awareness among the public by addressing policies on childhood obesity (Lamb et al. 2014). There is school health policy and education policy that puts emphasis on the childhood education addressing the childhood obesity problem and educating the parents and caregivers. School wellness policies help to strengthen wellness programs educating the children and their tutors about childhood obesity. The school lunch program serves students in educating them about ill effects of obesity and ethical issues like social stigmatization due to obesity, confidentiality and informed consent. National policies also introduce health and physical education classes, nutrition and healthy cooking classes. The above mentioned policies demonstrate advocacy and health equity among the children. They are intended to work against discrimination based on the body weight of the children. The policies ensure that there is no bias between the indigenous and non-indigenous population in Australia. They are aimed at protecting and prioritizing the children and ensure that culturally protected health services are provided to them. The Obesity Policy Coalition in Australia influences change in policy related to child health education on obesity and promotes equality among the target population. The Public Health Association of Australia undertakes the responsibility to address the childhood obesity according to the National Nutrition Policy that addresses the issue of early nutrition and its role in a childs later life (oecd.org 2016). The policies encompass the children living in remote and rural areas and make sure that they have access to health education opportunities and services to make heal thy choices. The Australian education system ensures fair and inclusive policies contributing to equitable education among children. The policies are made with a perspective to provide a positive environment for the diverse subgroups of children for behavior change with respect to lifestyle and food choices. The policy makers take into account the equity by delivering child health education policy among the low socio economic community children. The Australian child education system focuses on reduction of inequalities by introducing policies that eliminate inequality in child education (health.gov.au 2016). There are strategies that strengthen the Aboriginals and Torres Strait Islanders in providing child health education classes and training on childhood obesity. Therefore, these policies advocate child health education highlighting the issue of childhood obesity. References Bradshaw, J., 2016.The Well-being of Children in the UK. Policy Press. health.gov.au, 2016. Australia: The Healthiest Country BY 2020 [online] Available at: https://www.health.gov.au/internet/preventativehealth/publishing.nsf/Content/E233F8695823F16CCA2574DD00818E64/$File/obesity-jul09.pdf [Accessed 29 Dec. 2016]. Lamb, M.E., Sternberg, K.J., Hwang, C.P. and Broberg, A.G., 2014.Child care in context: Cross-cultural perspectives. Psychology Press. oecd.org, 2016. Education Policy Outlook: Australia [online] Available at: https://www.oecd.org/education/EDUCATION%20POLICY%20OUTLOOK%20AUSTRALIA_EN.pdf [Accessed 29 Dec. 2016].